Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is caused by an excess of testosterone and is the most frequent cause of infertility in reproductive-aged women. Conception is difficult for women with PCOS, as most experience irregular menstrual periods, often having only a few per year. High insulin levels are another symptom that can further contribute to menstrual irregularities. Additionally, PCOS may increase the risk of miscarriage because of the hormonal imbalance. Other symptoms are oily skin, acne, facial hair growth and weight problems.

PCOS is diagnosed based on a patient's history, blood testing and ultrasound examination during which doctors may identify multiple small cysts on the ovaries.

For women who are not trying to get pregnant, birth control pills can regulate the menstrual cycle and control the hormonal imbalance. If necessary, other medications can also be used in combination with oral contraceptives. For women who are trying to conceive, we use medications to induce ovulation and to reduce the risk of miscarriage. Weight loss also plays an important role in treatment, as it can help restore regular menstrual periods.